It depends on the bond you have with your bunny and his/her personality. It sounds like you have a wonderful bond with Dorothy ^_^ It’s beautiful to hear this.
My BF and I have this theory: rabbits are group animals by nature, and checking up on group members is important for social status and making friends. Rabbits don’t really have a hierarchy, but they do tend to form bonds with certain group mates. If their behaviour is off, it could be important to check why. To check if grooming is needed, if there are wounds that need to be cared for etc. Rabbits are known to hide illness, as they’re a prey species and it marks them as weak. It wouldn’t be illogical that rabbits pay extra attention to body language for this reason.
One of the more obvious things that rabbits will sense is sudden agitation or panic. Yesterday a strange man had been spotted lurking in and around our flat, and people over the group Whatsapp were warning eachother. I wanted to go check it out, but Breintje saw/felt that I was agitated about something. He was acting really difficult and didn’t want to follow the command to go in his cage. Instead he bolted around trying to hide in all his hidey holes. Breintje also seems to have a problem with fidgety people, 2 friends of mine have ADHD and are very hyperactive in movement. This upsets Breintje, and he has bitten people because of this. So yes, agitation is something they definitely sense.
About more complex emotions I have another example. Breintje has been living with me for 2,5 years now. In the beginning we weren’t attuned to eachother, but nowadays Breintje seems to know when I have my worst days. He’ll lay down next to me on the couch whenever I’m in a lot of pain, and give me extra cuddles and licks. He responds whenever I’m upset or crying by checking me out, he nudges me with his head or puts his front paw upon my leg to communicate with me. One day the fysio did some work on my shoulder and there was a massive painful spot underneath my armpit. I couldn’t move my arm properly that day. Breintje sniffed around the painful spot and tried to investigate by gently nudging with his head. Bas says that this is comparable to looking for wounds, he must have seen that my movements were very unnatural. It’s so sweet ^_^
So yes, I definitely think that rabbits have the capacity to sense emotions. Maybe it’s more instinctual, but it is there in some rabbits.