I would check with shelters or adoption agencies for an adult cat, and let them know about your bunny and what your ultimate goal is. Chances are they would recommend an adult that is already set in his/her ways. Kittens tend to be high energy, and they generally don’t understand how destructive their teeth and claws can be to other animals during play… but I would not advocate declawing if at all possible. Some cats have higher prey instinct than others, and many of them can never really be broken of it but with patience and lots of strict –mostly positive–reinforcement can learn the laws of the house. One rule we’ve always enforced is that you can’t mess with anyone at the food bowls.. play, fight or otherwise—it’s neutral territory.
Our Zoey is 9 years old and we’ve had her since she was about 3 months old. She was a terror to cats and anything that moved on the floor until she was about a year and a half old. After that she settled in to her own and decided she wanted to adopt anything that was kitten sized. She never really trusted other cats, but anything smaller *even if older* she protected fiercely. Over the years she has adopted kittens, squirrels, hamsters, and now Peter. Without him she gets horribly depressed. She was pitiful when he was at the vet yesterday for his neuter, but perked up when we finally brought him home. 
At my parents house is a 25 year old persian mix (a hurricane Hugo baby) that, although over the years she’s been a wonderful mouser, lizard catcher and snake killer, will not harm squirrels, bunnies, birds, or anything that is fed by people. On the other hand we’ve owned many cats I would not trust under any circumstance. One example being a female that had such a strong prey-drive that she tore out the carpet at the door and tried to force her way under to get in the same room as the bunny (luckily she was too big). She’s lived there over a year now and although she’s adjusting she’s still not completely accepting that she’s not allowed to hunt other pets (other cats included)…
For the most part, I have found that adult, neutered males tend to be the most laid back with other animals. They tend to have the attitude that if there is something that needs hunted they need to find a female to do it (most of the boys we’ve had).
Granted there are exceptions to that as well, as one of our best mousers was a Mau-mixed tom that learned how to open doors…
Anyway, ramblings aside; Cats can be great companions to prey animals if their personalities mesh and they learn house rules. Talk to local rescues and hang out with the cat at the shelter before bringing him/her home. You may consider working with a shelter and fostering a potential cat before adopting, to see how well they do in your home. They’ll need time to adjust to the new surroundings and rules as well, and that could be a couple days to a couple months depending on the cat. Once you do find your match, be patient and consistent. And to echo what the others have said; If you have any doubt, don’t leave them unattended. It only takes a moment.