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The subject of intentional breeding or meat rabbits is prohibited. The answers provided on this board are for general guideline purposes only. The information is not intended to diagnose or treat your pet. It is your responsibility to assess the information being given and seek professional advice/second opinion from your veterinarian and/or qualified behaviorist.
Hello all,
I’ve been trying to find some info on bonding bunnies but the internet is full of mixed messages and contrasting advice.
For a few days now I’ve been supervising bonding sessions between Rogan, my 6 year old neutered male Lop and a 3 year old unspayed Silver Fox girl.
Firstly, I know it’s much better to have both parties fixed before bonding under normal circumstances but this little girl was abandoned with her sister in the wild and we only rescued her 2 days ago and the previous owners didn’t care enough to get them spayed at any point before they got bored of the little darlings and left them for dead (awful human beings). Unfortunately her sister didn’t get caught and although we have people looking for her and putting food out every day, the weather has been so cold over the past few nights that the outlook is pretty bleak for her and it’s breaking my heart.
So that’s why I wanted to get her bonded with Rogan, to stop her from feeling the grief and confusion of losing her sister and coming into a new environment. She was so miserable when we caught her but since being introduced to Rogan, things have really perked up for her. But it’s still pretty complicated. Here’s the situation:
The bonding started well, with an equal mix of curiosity and indifference, which I read was a good sign. There was a lot of mixed signals at first but no outright aggression. They started eating together and grooming themselves and lounging around in each others presence, but still weren’t friendly or affectionate.
Then we had a battle of wills where they both wanted to be dominant bun. A lot of what I like to call “yin-yanging” went on where both would try and shove their heads under for grooming at the same time with stalemate results.
Rogan would go up to her and dig on her and nibble her which was alarming at first but she didn’t retaliate and just got out of his way, so I followed the advice of some internet sites and just left them to it, while being observant for escalation.
Then started the chasing and humping-attempts by Rogan. These weren’t received particularly well. She would run away and thump her foot at him and go into a sulk. Then she’s perk back up and all would be well between them for a while, until he tried it again.
Anyway, things weren’t progressing so I took them both for a little drive together. For the duration of this they seemed to take comfort in one another, as the internet said they would. Rogan has been in the car before for vet trips etc so seemed the more confident of the two. Strangely, he was lying on top of her for most of the drive and she let him. I know this is dominant behaviour but It kind of looked like her was “protecting” her too. Difficult to work out.
So then when we got home and they came to their bonding area, and after recovery from the drive, she went over to Rogan and began to groom him for the first time. And I mean really groom him! She was licking him for about 5 minutes straight, with some intense fur nibbling thrown in for impact. Then she led down with him nose to nose and everything looked wonderful between them.
Now, Rogan is such an affectionate bunny to us humans and ALWAYS grooms us back. But he hasn’t done with girly. In fact, her submission of licking just wasn’t enough for him, he carried on with the humping attempts to really put her in place.
The internet says that humping is a way of establishing hierarchy and that, unless there is fur flying, they should be allowed to hash it out on their own. But now she’s started to make really angry squeaking/honking/growling noises whenever he tries it or he approaches her. She’s perfectly fine when she approaches him to groom him when he’s chilling out but whenever he makes a move it gets her angry/upset. I’ve just read on the internet that females often make this noise when they’re sick of getting mounted and that if it continues for more than a couple of days then they need to be split up.
I’ve just put Rogan back in his pen to give her a break from it now, but I don’t want to erase all the progress they’ve made by keeping them apart.
If anyone has some advice I’d be so grateful! I don’t know whether it’s her hormones making the last bits of testosterone in Rogan amp up or whether he is just looking for total submission from her but either way it’s putting them on a back track now and I’ve had to intervene for the first time, which I’ve read can be detrimental.
What, if anything, can I do to solve the problem?
I’m so confused on the timeline here.
You got her 2 days ago?
And you have already started bonding?
Please clarify if you can, because this is not the way to do proper bonding at all. We can give you advice, but this process is typically a long one, done over the span of several weeks or months….not days…. In the mean time, I would not advise putting them together again until you’ve done some prebonding. Her squealing and grunting is telling you that she is very uncomfortable and if you continue putting them together you may end up with a nasty fight. I really would advise separating them and getting her spayed, barring any other health issues she may have. I would bring her to a vet and get a health check to make sure she can be spayed, then schedule that. Her hormones will likely make bonding more difficult, so you should wait and get her spayed. What’s the urgency in bonding so fast??
Also to add to BN: you need to make sure she’s settled in and NOT stressed. Being out in the wild then being thrown in a new home and thrown with a new bun could severely stress her out, and if it’s bad enough she could get sick and end up with a life threatening illness. You really need to slow down and let her get her bearings. Poor thing is probably already terrified of a new environment never mind being thrown with a bun who isn’t getting along with her. I don’t mean to sound rude, but you need to make her as comfortable as possible before anything can happen.
Typically, bonding progresses in the following stages:
*If possible, both parties are spayed/neutered*
1. Prebonding- both rabbits should be living separately. Either in different cages or with a barrier separating them if they are free range. At least 6 inches apart. Give them a week or two to get used to the sight/smell of the other and then begin swapping toys and/or litter trays, blankets, etc between the living spaces. After they show no further aggression toward the foreign objects, you can swap the bunnies into each others enclosures every day/other day. This stage typically takes a few weeks and is important in reducing initial aggression.
2. Dates- start somewhere that is small and neutral (such as the bath tub). Neutral territory is important because you don’t want one becoming territorial and attacking the other when trying to defend their territory from the invader. Start with short sessions, watch body language and avoid fights if possible. Most of the time, the female is the dominant of the pair. It may just be that she is so brand new to your home that she isn’t wanting to assert herself just yet, so I wouldn’t count on the male being dominant just because he is the one that is currently mounting. If you notice any negative body language (tail raised, ears back, looking to strike) then you need to intervene to stop a fight from starting. Fighting will hinder their ability to build trust, so it is essential to minimize fighting as much as possible. This is the most lengthy part of the process. You should only progress from neutral territory, to semineutral, to communal. Only progress when they show no signs of aggression and can tolerate several hours together without any scuffles or issues. This stage can take weeks to months, depending on the rabbits.
3. Moving in- before you move them in together, you’ll want to allow them to spend 24 hours together in that space with no issues. I would advise you to sleep close by in case any fights break out so that you can diffuse it quickly.
The most important thing in bonding is to not rush the rabbits. Things must be taken at THEIR pace, not yours.
I know this is a lot of information, and you may hear totally different things from someone else. But the truth is that this really is the best approach to try and get your rabbits associated with each other positively and to cement their bond so that you do not have to worry about any fights breaking out when you are not around.
I agree with Asriel as well, she needs time to settle. She is probably terrified and the bonding attempts to a total stranger cannot be good for her.
I wanted to add to my previous post as well, if you don’t plan on spaying her for bonding, you should know that there are many other health related reasons to spay a female. Neutering in males you can avoid without dire consequences, but in females it is very important. Females run the risk of an 80% chance of developing reproductive cancers. With a spay, the risk of cancer is significantly decreased. And since this particular rabbit will be being bonded to another rabbit, it is just better if they can have a relationship without interference from her crazy hormones.
Stop what you’re doing. It’s great that you took in this girl but just because you have, doesn’t mean you need to try and bond her immediately. She needs to settle in, get spayed, recover and wait for hormones to disipate, you need to do sufficient pre bonding and THEN actual sessions.
First and foremost tho, take her to a vet to get checked out. For her sake and your boy’s. She may have something that can be passed on.
Thank you for your advice, there’s a lot to take in. I must clarify some things as well as explain a change in circumstance.
Since I wrote this thread her sister has been found and they have been reunited. It is very obvious that the first girl (I’ve decided to call her Chia and her sister Menily) is the dominant one of the pair and that she’s very hormonal. I have been with the two girls all day supervising.
I also have a vet appointment for them for tomorrow to get them weighed and measured for spaying. I absolutely fully intended to get her spayed all along, as I know the problems it can cause.
It seems I made some dreadful mistakes I’ve never had girl rabbits before, mine have all been male, I had no idea that the females would want to be dominant! That aside, I think my fear was that if I didn’t find Chia a friend after her trauma she might have declined rapidly. Both girls had been living outside with only each other for company for months apparently. I clearly made an error in judgement but I think (by the grace of God, as they say) we got lucky this time.
The way I did it was based on someones bonding story I found on the internet that I probably shouldn’t have listened to, given your new advice.
I had her in her cage in a neutral territory and brought Rogan in to sniff while watching closely and everything seemed great. Long story short, since meeting Rogan, Chia has come out of her shell completely. She’s fully settled in and is loving and comfortable with me. She’s bonded to Rogan pretty well, snuggling and grooming etc. She even started letting him hump her today. Which is what made me rethink the situation and realise that my mistake was even more tricky than I thought!
I think she wants him to because she has no idea he’s firing blanks. She’s a sexually mature unfixed female who probably bonded to Rogan because she wants to mate with him. So now I’ve got the problem of phantom pregnancy looming which I will keep a close eye out for up until her spaying.
What I’ve done is taken Rogan away but left some of his toys with the girls. When they’ve both been spayed and are recovered I might start the bonding process again PROPERLY! And see if there’s less humping.
I’m really sad that I’ve gone about it all the wrong way. I’ll leave the girls together because it looks like they’ve definitely already got their hierarchy worked out. But should I do the cages next to each other step for 20 mins a day or so to keep Rogan and the girls from forgetting each other? Now that I’ve got us all into this mess how can I fix it and be a better rabbit owner?
Don’t worry, we all make mistakes. I’m glad you came here and are prepared to take our advice Just think of it this way, if they got on so well despite some important steps missed, it might be a very easy bond if you wanted a trio in the future
Females often are the dominant bun in a male/female pairing
I would say providing none of the buns are stressed, it’d be okay to keep their cages near each other all the time. Just make sure they can’t reach one another. Do keep an eye on the two girls together tho, females are notoriously territorial (or, can be) and as they’re both unspayed at the moment, they can be unpredictable so it’s something you need to be vigilant about and prepared to separate them if needed.
It’s good that nothing terrible happened besides a little stress. Things could have been much, much worse! Has your rabbit been bonded before? I noticed he was kinda older (6 right?) so he may be more accepting of other bunnies if he has previously had friends. And since the two girls have been living together, they presumably have established a relationship with each other. So you’ll be taking both girls in? That’s awesome, I wish I could have a trio of bunnies
I think that your intentions were pure in trying to get her a friend because she was scared and lonely, but the reality is that being introduced to a new rabbit is a very stressful experience for them. They don’t know whether this bunny is a threat or a friend, so they needs lots of time to figure that out and learn they can trust them. Kinda like humans!
It’s all ok. Don’t feel bad, we all make mistakes. What’s important is that you learn, and then you can be better next time around Unfortunately, we have even had people here who have been given bad information from rescues. Some people argue that those on this forum are wrong, but they truly are very knowledgeable about rabbits. They are quite complex pets, not simple little cage animals like the pet stores portray… It’s great that you are open to our advice, others aren’t and that makes us sad for the bunny.
So get the girls spayed, give them some time to recover (I would say 1 month to be safe), but you can start some pre bonding once they are feeling better (give them about a week of uninterrupted recovery).
Bonding is definitely a daunting task, but there are plenty of folks here with lots of experience and suggestions here to give you support along the way. This is a great resource over a google search, in which you may receive all kinds of incorrect/conflicting information.
Lastly, welcome!! We’d love to see some pics of the bunnies some time
Thank you all so much for your brilliant advice and kindness! I’m going to do my best for all of my bunnies. I’ll definitely come here first before getting lost and confused in the world of google!!! Thank you for being so understanding too
I should actually mention that I have another big Silver Fox buck called Knox who is about 7 and has been neutered but he’s a super timid boy and has to have a special diet because he’s got an EXTREMELY sensitive tummy, so I never tried to bond Rogan and him because they wouldn’t be able to live together anyway :/
I used to have 2 boy bunnies that were bonded but (I’m not joking) my dad’s girlfriend gave them away when she moved in because she said they were “rats”!!
That was many years ago now, and since living away from their house I’ve had Rogan and Knox who each have their own spaces as house rabbits. Rogan has never had a friend, but he is the sweetest bunny who constantly wants to give and receive attention (which is why I thought he’d love a friend, and think he probably would still when everything has calmed down). Both buns live in 4ft square pens as daily living quarters and have designated areas of the house to run in when they come out.
I was wondering what you guys though about this:
I’m definitely keeping both girls. I don’t want to risk them going to a new home and being neglected again because, as you said, people don’t see how special rabbits are and normally just get them to entertain small children.
I’ve decided to call the bigger girl Chia, as I mentioned, and the little one Nephy.
Last night I kept both girls in cages about 20cm away from each other, this was because of what you said about them being very territorial and I think it was the right decision. Both girls are extremely hormonal, they’re acting like teenage girls!! One second they’re lovely and coming over to say hello and get attention and the next they’re throwing things around their cages grunting and thumping.
When I was watching them yesterday, I noticed that Chia is the boss, but not always in a very loving way. She’s a bit of a bully to her little sister and whenever Chia was around, Nephy would back up into a corner and keep out of Chia’s way. I also noticed that whenever Nephy would venture cautiously out of her little hiding space, most of the time Chia would come scampering over and try and hump her until she backed up again. There were times when Chia would groom Nephy and stretch out next to her but for the most part she would be asserting her dominance, and Nephy just looked a bit scared and grumpy about it.
Do you think spaying will clear this up? I have a vet appointment in an hour to get them both checked out. I’m just concerned that Chia is used to bossing Nephy around so much that Nephy doesn’t really get any freedom :S do some rabbits do this to each other even after fixing and even though they’re siblings?
It sounds like you’ve got your hands full that’s for sure
I know you didn’t specifically ask about Knox but I think it’s probably for the best to keep him as a singleton, so long as he gets enough attention from you. Bunnies with sensitive tummies can be very tricky so for his health, it’s better at least in my opinion to keep him as he is so that you can quickly spot if he’s having difficulties. Not to mention the stress of bonding could set his tummy off anyway. Just thought I’d mention it
I definitely think you did the right thing with seperating the girls. As you’ve seen, hormones can make them very unpredictable. And bunnies don’t care about whether they’re related or not. It’s not their fault tho, it’s their hormones making them a little crazy is all. I do think they will calm down significantly once they’ve been spayed and their hormones have disipated but I would recommend doing A LOT of pre bonding, just to be safe before a physical introduction. You can never do enough pre bonding!
I think even bonded pairs need to reassert their dominance occasionally but it shouldn’t cause too many issues. Usually they like to reassert their dominance if they can detect a new smell or a new object in their living quarters. And sometimes the submissive bun likes to shake things up a bit! And sometimes the top bun can feel a bit insecure and feels the need to say “hey, I’m top bun remember!” In a stable bond, it shouldn’t necessarily be too easy to spot who is top and who isn’t as they look after each other. My girl for example grooms my boy a lot whereas he’s a greedy little munchkin that rarely grooms her (apart from during their honeymoon phase ), however my girl will NOT accept being mounted. I can’t identify for sure who top bun is. I used to think it was Buttercup (my girl) but who knows lol.
I think the best plan of action is to keep all buns separate, get the girls spayed and wait a month or so. Then start pre bonding, perhaps between those two and Rogan if you want a trio? Just take things slow.
And if it’s too much stress, get a professional bonder to help lol!
Oh goodness, yes you do have your hands full of fluffs!!
Regarding Knox, it’s wise to keep him separate. Given his diet restrictions and age, it’s best that you limit the variables around him so that you can easily identify the source of any issues he may develop.
I agree that it was good to keep the girls separate! I didn’t know if you had the means to do that, but I think it’s definitely for the best. They aren’t spayed, so even if they have been living together for an extended amount of time, they have probably had issues and learned to be wary of each other. Hormonal girl bunnies are just SO unpredictable, so very smart move you made in separating them.
I think spaying them will definitely help to reduce tensions between them. So, spay the girls. Then give them a few weeks to rest and then tackle pre bonding
Thank you! Yes, I think you’re definitely right about Knox. He’s a “sit and ponder” kind of rabbit these days, even when he gets let out he only has a little wander before finding a nice spot to loaf or sprawl in and watch the world go by half asleep. A lively young female would disturb his peace too much! He stays on a mostly hay diet with a small amount of fresh herbs or leafy veg a day, even pellets and chunkier, watery veg make him ill, and definitely no fruit or treats because of the sugar content! So it would just be unfeasible to feed another rabbit in with him.
I know what you mean, it’s quite hard to tell how it will all work out in the end. Sometimes I thought Chia was top bun but then it seemed like Nephy was only accepting her bossiness because she was even less familiar with her new home or maybe the size difference. IDK, I guess only time will tell!
Chia and Nephy are booked in for spaying a week tomorrow. We’re going to have some poorly Christmas bunnies on our hands but at least its a good time of year for us all being off work so we can give them plenty of TLC.
Do you think separate at all times is best for the girls or let them have supervised play time together in a neutral area until they get spayed? I only ask because of all the terrifying things I read online before all this about how separating bonded pairs is a huge no-no unless you want very unhappy and unhealthy buns. So many confused messages out there that I don’t know whether I’m coming or going haha!! :S
In other news, they’re both settling in well, are clearly very relaxed most of the time and are starting to show their personalities, even if they are a bit moody at times I can’t believe anyone would abandon these two sugarplums! They’re still a bit wary, of course, but I can tell they’re going to be just perfect when all this ordeal is over. Chia grooms me back now but Nephy hasn’t yet. But that’s ok because Rogan is a really reciprocal bunny where Knox would never in a million years dream of giving my hand a lick. After a really nice face scratching from me, the most he will do is lick something nearby while looking at me, and that’s enough!
Wonderful that you got them in for a spay so quickly! I’m sure this is protocol at the vet, but I would make sure that they will be given a health evaluation before surgery. Since they’ve been living outdoors and were obviously not well cared for by their previous owner, I think it’s definitely important to make sure there are no underlying health issues, since you don’t know a full health history.
It is good timing indeed! I can’t imagine caring for TWO recovering females at once, I was totally stressed out about just handling the one!
As far as separation goes, it doesn’t seem that they had a true bond. They may have tolerated each other from spending time together, but it doesn’t sound as though they were bonded. Personally, I would opt to keep them separate and go about the pre-bonding and bonding as if they haven’t had a history together. If they are in cages that are near each other (6 in apart so nobunny can scratch) I wouldn’t worry about them forgetting each other.
Yes the vet gave them a check while we were there today and said they were looking healthy as far as she could tell but couldn’t check their back teeth because they squirmed too much so she’s going to check that while they’re under. It’s amazing that so far they seem to be in good shape. They are such tough little rabbits.
I’ve actually separated the girls even further tonight because there was lots of thumping and displeased body language going on. Chia is on the middle landing, Rogan is across the hall from her, Knox is just up the stairs on the second landing and Nephy is now on the top landing. Every level of our house has a bunny occupant.
I sat for a few minutes and watched the girls when I put them to bed and saw that they were both a lot more relaxed with their own space so I think you’re right about acting as if they’ve never met. Circumstances probably forced them to be together but I want to erase the idea they might have of associating being abandoned and competing for what little food they could find with each other and start again from scratch.
One last question for now, but it might be a more health related one than bonding: Nephy is eating ALL of her poops.
I’ve been watching them both to check for any signs of illness etc and I thought it was strange how I’d seen her wee, eat lots and eat her cecotropes but not leave any droppings at all except about 3 that I found in the morning that seemed to have disintegrated. Then tonight I saw her poop and then turn round to inspect them and before I knew it there was one left, which she chewed and then spat out, leaving it looking like the other disintegrated ones I’d found.
It was then that it occurred to me that most of the times I’ve seen her bend down to eat her first squishy poos she’s probably just been munching her droppings. She has lots of hay, some parsley, a few pellets and a variety natural dried mixes and healthy treats which she has been eating all day. I wonder if she’s maybe had to eat her poops to survive and not be hungry and weak as its become winter and she hasn’t dropped the habit yet.
Should I be concerned? Unfortunately I didn’t realise what was going on until after we got back from the vets :S is there any way, other than just providing her with plenty to eat, that I can discourage this behaviour because it seems excessive! I know they sometimes eat a few of their second poops but she’s eating almost all of them!
Hmmm, that is curious! In fact, before I got to your post stating that it could have been a survival mechanism while she was living in the wild, that’s exactly what I thought of suggesting.
I’m not sure how you could correct it besides trying to get her more “food secure” and knowing that she no longer has to forage to scrape by. This will take time though, but in the meantime I would contact the vet next chance you get just to see if this has any ill effects. I imagine it doesn’t, since they normally eat the cecotropes, but I’ve actually never come across anything like them eating the actual fecal droppings.
It’s good that you noticed their body language and demeanor and have taken the necessary precautions. Separating them further is exactly what I would advise (and I think others would as well).
I have to say, I thought you to be an inexperienced bunny owner by your first post, as the bonding was quite rushed. But I’ve definitely changed my opinion and you seem to be a very knowledgeable and caring owner!
Bonding is definitely tricky, so don’t be afraid or ashamed of any questions you might have. When I was attempting bonding, I posted here during every session to ask for advice. Unfortunately, it didn’t work out for my two. My female seemed quite receptive and loving of the male, but she wanted to be dominant and that very much upset him. After a month of bonding sessions 3 hours per day, I finally gave up because the male was getting increasingly aggressive as he became comfortable being around her.
I have high hopes that you’ll be able to bond though. You obviously have lots of space to work with, and you’ve been very prompt in figuring out how to handle the chaos of two new fluffs in the house.
Keep us updated, but you’re doing great
Perhaps she is getting so much yummy food that even her regular poops still smell appetising? I think it’s actually more common than we think as a couple of members here have mentioned it. It could also have been a survival tactic, in which case once she’s a little more secure she probably won’t feel the need anymore. Or it could be a funny habit she’s developed! I would call a vet to inquire but I can’t see any negatives to it apart from not being able to monitor her as easily. I’m not a vet though so take my ramblings with a pinch of salt!
Yes I can understand why you thought that, knowing what I know now, you must have thought I was a lunatic or an animal abuser! :S I regret my ignorance. It seems so stupid of me. I’ve had bunnies for yeaarrs but never ever even thought about bonding! Never crossed my mind. Now I know better for the future at least! Thanks to you guys :3
Regarding Nephy, I’ve seen her poop a bit more and eat less of them today, still found a few chewed ones but generally eating real rabbit food now, which is better. Whatever it was, hopefully it will phase out as she settles in.
But, anyway, thank you all again for your wonderful advice! I’m super grateful, and super glad I found this website with all it’s experienced rabbit veterans.
I’ll keep an eye on the girls for any more strange behaviour and update my profile with pictures of all my buns as soon as I get some time free!! haha
xxxxx
I hope I didn’t offend you with that comment, I meant it as a compliment
Don’t worry, when I would tell people I was bonding rabbits they would look at me and say “you’re what?”. Most people assume that you can just throw them together and they’ll work it out…. very wrong!! They can fight to the death, so that’s why we were concerned.
Nephy has probably figured out that food tastes much better than poops
Oh yeah if you tell people you’re working on pre bonding and bonding sessions and whatnot they look at you like you’re insane. And they suddenly become experts themselves. “Oh if they’re gunna fight, they would have by now”, “just watch them for 5 minutes and they’ll be okay”, “well they’ll have to learn to get along won’t they” etc etc.